Yang Guozhong, instead, entered into an alliance with Geshu against An. Pulleyblank, Edwin G. "The An Lushan Rebellion and the Origins of Chronic Militarism in Late T'ang China," in Perry, John Curtis, and Bardwell L. Smith. An Lushan submitted a petition to Emperor Xuanzong to replace 32 Han generals under his command with non-Han generals. Also Chinese land was fertile and worth fighting over. WebThe An Lushan Rebellion between the Tang Dynasty and the self-proclaimed Yan Dynasty of China resulted in the deaths of between 13,000,000 and 36,000,000 people. It may not display this or other websites correctly. The Russian Civil War was so bloody, in fact, that it holds the dubious world-record highest death toll from a civil war by Guinness World Records. You should realize many of the bloodiest wars in history took place within China, which is partly just due to the population of China being historically greater than most other regions. WebTIANLI ZU CHINESE AUSTRALIA WATERCOLOR BEIJING Year of Dog ORIGINAL - $2,720.60. 10. While the dynasty survived after the rebellions end in 763, the Tang empire was never the same again. Teatime History is your one stop destination for a better understanding of human history. However, this figure is contested for various reasons, and scholars attribute part of the "deaths" (the count being derived from the difference in population according to the Tang census before and afte Emperor Xuanzong of Tang China flees the capital of Chang'an during the An Lushan Rebellion. History & Culture. The An Lushan Rebellion began in 755 as a revolt by a disgruntled general in the Tang Dynasty's army, but it soon engulfed the country in unrest that lasted nearly a decade until its end in 763. But in his sickness and blindness An became ill-tempered and paranoid, and would flog or even murder his servants if they had caused him any displeasure. [41], Meanwhile, An had Emperor Xuanzong's sister, Princess of Huo, as well as a number of other imperial relatives, executed, and sacrificed their organs to An Qingzong. An Lushan had good relations with the High Chancellor, Li Linfu. Originally a secret member of the Golden Turtles, the Chinese branch of the Order of the Ancients, his bitter feud with Yang Guozhong over leadership of the Golden Turtles spilled out into court WebChina (Chinese: ; pinyin: Zhnggu), officially the People's Republic of China (PRC; Chinese: ; pinyin: Zhnghu Rnmn Gnghgu), is a country in East Asia. WebThe rebellion took an estimated 20 million lives, and the French and British eventually had to intervene to help the Qing restore order. His generals rarely saw him, and most important matters were handled through Yan Zhuang ().[42]. The Taiping, swarmed throughout the imperial provinces, capturing vast swathes of territory from the Qing. In 752, he wanted to launch a major counterattack against the Khitan, requesting that the ethnically Tujue general Li Xianzhong () accompany him. The Portal for Public History. Emperor Xuanzong commissioned the general Feng Changqing as military governor of Fanyang and Pinglu, intending to have him replace An after An's rebellion was defeated. [32], In 744, with further praises from the powerful chancellor Li Linfu and Pei Kuan, An was, in addition to Pinglu, made the military governor of Fanyang Circuit (, headquartered in modern Beijing). The event involved military activity and direct deaths from battle, but also WebGREAT TANG POETS: DU FU (721-770)China during Du Fu's Time:The An Lushan Rebellion. An Qingxu was then killed by a subordinate, general Shi Siming, who soon afterwards recaptured the city of Luoyang. Late Yuan Warfare & Transition to Ming Dynasty (Death Toll Estimate: 30 Million) 12. WebPemberontakan ini juga dikenal sebagai Pemberontakan Tianbao (). WebThe An Lushan Rebellion (755763 ce) was an dealt a death blow to the cost-effective . In July 756 An Lushan and his rebel forces captured Chang'an, an event that had a devastating effect upon this thriving metropolis. Zhang then sent him to the capital, Chang'an; by not executing An himself, Zhang was hoping that Emperor Xuanzong would pardon An. In 756, he took the capital of Changan and forced the Emperor to flee. WebThe An Lushan Rebellion was an uprising against the Tang dynasty of China towards the mid-point of the dynasty , with an attempt to replace it with the Yan dynasty. (Changan itself was briefly occupied by the Tibetan army in 764, after the course of the rebellion.). The Three Kingdoms as of 262 CE. It was in many ways your standard, textbook peasant uprising resulting from all the usual markers of a dynastic decline: famine, natural catastrophe, burdensome taxation, eunuch corruption, and what have you. In the fall of 755, An Lushan, using the northern provinces of Heibei and Henan as his base, led an army of about 150,000 soldiers from Peking (Beijing) to capture the eastern capital city of Loyang (Luoyang). In 732, when the general Zhang Shougui () was governing You Prefecture (, roughly modern Beijing), it was discovered that An Lushan had stolen sheep. Taiping Rebellion (Death Toll Estimate: 40 Million) 10. In 757, An Lushan was murdered by his own son, An Qingxu, after exhibiting signs of extreme paranoia which posed a danger to those around him. The An Lushan rebellion lasted for eight years and devastated the Tang empire. You should realize many of the bloodiest wars in history took place within China, which is partly just due to the population of China being historically greater than most other regions. By 763, internal strife and renewed Tang offensives ended the rebellion. One such general, Wu Sangui, consequently defected to the Qing cause and with their combined forces defeated the new dynasty at the Battle of Shanhai Pass. Geshu, with Emperor Xuanzong repeatedly ordering him to attack, was forced to do so, and was defeated by Cui. In an effort to quickly establish peace after the Rebellion, the Tang dynasty pardoned many rebels, and put some of them in command of their own garrisons, eroding the authority of the central government. Yang Guozhong made repeated accusation against An to Emperor Xuanzong that he was plotting a rebellion, but the accusation were dismissed by Emperor Xuanzong. In the meantime our Twitter, Facebook, and Sunday Digest feature excellent content that has already been written! ISBN links support NWE through referral fees. [35], In 753, with Li Linfu's death and replacement by Yang Guozhong, Yang Guozhong, intending to posthumously dishonor Li Linfu, had An Lushan corroborate his accusations that Li Linfu was involved in Li Xianzhong's rebellion. The An Lushan Rebellion (755-763 AD) occurred when An Lushan, a Please leave feedback on this test message here. Wikimedia Commons. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Jump Contact: prateekdasgupta@gmail.com. WebThe Tang Dynasty received its greatest blow due to the An Lushan Rebellion (755-763), also known by many Chinese as the An-Shi Rebellion. The An Estimating casualties is difficult; some place the death toll as high as 36 million, WebGREAT TANG POETS: DU FU (721-770)China during Du Fu's Time:The An Lushan Rebellion. An subsequently returned to Fanyang. The Conquest of Mexico by Corts; author unknown (c. late 17th century). An Lushan Rebellion death toll. On one occasion, three days after his birthday, he was taken into the womens quarters of the palace dressed as a baby, and put through a mock adoption ceremony by Yang. Highly unpopular among the peasantry, with the Seven Grievances listed against the Ming Emperor, in 1618 the Manchu chieftain Nurhaci began an armed rebellion. The However, the battle for eastern China went badly for An Lushan; although his army was large, it was unable to take control of the Suiyang District from the Tang defenders. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Feng joined forces with Gao and urged a retreat to Tong Pass; Gao agreed, and they took up defensive positions there, and An did not proceed quickly, but remained at Luoyang, planning to declare himself emperor there. [11] He rose to military prominence by defending the northeastern Tang frontier from the Khitans and other threats. Roman Republic vs. Samnites. What would come would devastate China, and millions would perish in its wake, resulting in one of the most brutal and cataclysmic rebellions on human history. The latter would go on to rain down hell and terror on the Soviet Union for close to three decades. [1] In 744, An Rokhan (An Lushan) was made the military governor of Fanyang Province (Hebei), (jiedushi) of Manchuria, by the High Chancellor Li lin-fu, who favored foreign generals because he feared that Chinese generals might usurp his authority at court. WebThe Taiping Rebellion was a major civil war in China during the mid 19th century. An Lushan approached Changan with limited resistance, and in the summer of 756, the city, which had a metro population of roughly 2 million, was sacked. In mid-reign, he fell in love Yang Guifei, the wife of his eighteenth son, and she then became his favorite consort. The Battle of Anqing (1861), by Wu Youru (c. 1886). The rebellion overtly began on 16 December 755, when general An Lushan declared himself emperor in Northern China, thus establishing a rival Yan Dynasty, and ended when Yan fell on 17 February 763 (although the effects lasted past this). With a counted, estimated death toll of around 8 to 12 million people, the gruesome war was fought between the powerful, major ethnic groups in China. He selected some 8,000 soldiers among the surrendered Khitan, Xi, and Tongluo () tribesmen, organizing them into an elite corps known as the Yeluohe (), which meant "the brave". This seemingly large figure was merely a shadow of the population during the preceding Han dynasty, under which 10,677,960 households included at least 56,486,856 individuals a decline of more than 40,000,000 over the hundred year conflict. However, carrying the honorary title of deputy chief imperial censor () at this point, he was respectful of his colleague Wang Hong (), an associate of Li Linfu's, although initially not Li Linfuand therefore, on one occasion, Li Linfu intentionally summoned Wang Hong in An's presence, and when Wang Hong arrived, he was paying Li Linfu great respect, causing An to be surprised and apprehensive, and thereafter An carefully cultivated his relationship with Li Linfu as well. WebThe death toll of the rebellion according to various sources (http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat0.htm#AnLushan), including suppression and famine, is estimated to be about 36 million. Jump to latest Follow Reply. Referensi [ sunting | sunting General and rebel leader in Tang China; first emperor of Yan (r. 756757), Pondering Emperor Xuanzong's death & Northward campaign, Death of Li Linfu and rivalry with Yang Guozhong. Yang, however, persisted in his reports against An. Subsequently, An induced Geshu to write letters to several Tang generals, urging them to surrender, but they all refused. An Lushan Rebellion. Rebellious general An Lushan declared a rivaling Yan Dynasty. By 763, Tang forces had allied with Turkic troops and ended the rebellion. The death toll affected the Tang An apologized, stating, "I am foolish. The An Lushan Rebellion spanned from 16 December 755 to 17 February 763. Through Yangs patronage, An Lushan rose to prominence and was eventually made governor of three major frontier provinces in the northeast, giving him control of the eastern half of Chinas frontier, and putting him in control of 40 percent of the Tang forces. On An's birthday, 20 February 751,[34] Emperor Xuanzong and Consort Yang awarded him with clothing, treasures, and food. The American Civil War was not the bloodiest in history since WebThe Anshi Rebellion (Template:Zh-cp) occurred in China, during the Tang Dynasty, from 756 to 763.It is also known as the Tianbao Rebellion (), because An Lushan Due to the slowness of the Yan advance, the Yan forces were unable to capture either Emperor Xuanzong, who eventually reached Shu Commandery, or Li Heng, who fled to Lingwu and took the Tang imperial title there (as Emperor Suzong). Then, after taking the throne, An Qingxu reported that An Lushan had died. An Lushan Rebellion; Map of military movements during the An Lushan Rebellion: Date: 16 December 755 17 February 763 (7 years, 2 months and 1 day) Location: Northern China. Li Linfu, who was at this point apprehensive of Wang as a potential rival, used this as one of the reasons to indict Wang, and Wang was, later in 747, removed from his post. Top writer in History, Science, Art, Food, and Culture. 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