The following discussion will consider some of the more obvious and problematic human impacts. Clarity AO2. The work was completed between 9 April 2019 and 23 August 2019. Check out Adapt the A-level & GCSE revision timetable app. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_175, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_175, eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials Science. [5], greatest in Newport They can think, reason, feel and make deductions or hypothesis and seek to solve or prove their deductions or theories. This realisation makes it all the more important that we take care of our environment, and our ever-expanding national Blue Belt, protecting more than 40% of English waters, is helping to safeguard these precious habitats for future generations. Knowledge and understanding of the processes operating over a time scale of seconds - mass movement, storm events, wave motion, tides and currents geographical context Landform/s will be clearly identified and must be erosional. Here, we used a multispecies occupancy model (MSOM) to understand mammalian habitat use patterns across a mosaic of tropical dry forest in Colombia and elucidate whether forest cover is more important than its integrity and other . Throughout history, humans have attempted to slow or alter the dynamic coastal zone. Climate change and its serious impacts Changes to the coastlines caused by human activity have exacerbated the effects of climate change . The government has taken steps to expand its Blue Belt of marine protection for Britains overseas territories and its own coast, last year designating a further 41 Marine Protection Zones, protecting species and habitats such as the rare stalked jellyfish and blue mussel beds. provision of sediment as erosional tools reference to structure of reefs - reef crest, fore reef, back reef There are, however, a number of evidence gaps which we wish to further explore, such as the effects of marine environments on obesity prevalence in children and Vitamin D in adults, or the life stage at which nature-based interventions are most effective, and how they may vary among economic, social and cultural groups in the population. -Transport, [2]. Loss of stock/custom in Looe AO1 content encompasses knowledge and understating of one management strategy. In Stauble, D.M. 14. Internationa Impacts of Development in India, Environmental Impacts of Development in India, Volcanoes in Different Parts of the World, Earthquakes in Different Parts of the World, Geology and Coastal Landscapes of Erosion, Climate and Coastal Landscapes of Erosion. With increased urbanisation, tarmac and other manmade land surfaces contribute to petrol, diesel and other harmful chemicals easily flowing into rivers or directly into the Ocean. The fact that the business world and the preservation world are on the same page is a good indicator that maintaining beaches are important for both people and animals. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3880-1_175, Shipping restrictions may apply, check to see if you are impacted, Reference Module Physical and Materials Science, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. The Great Barrier Reef is under threat from a range of pressures with a major one being deteriorating water quality due to pollution from adjacent land use. knowledge and understanding of other processes that are part of the development of the landform such as weathering, marine erosion and mass movement - 161.35.97.149. AO2 content encompasses the application of knowledge and understanding to evaluate the importance of longshore drift in the development of selected depositional landform(s). (eds. (b) Outline one positive impact of coastal processes on human activity. AO1 AO1 content encompasses knowledge and understanding of the positive impacts of human activity on the coastal landscape. water in ocean store decreases Relevant responses could include: Rock jetties that separate beaches interrupt the natural transfer of sand by the tides and wind. The growth of the Meat Free Monday movement is great for our Ocean. Have students watch three videos about human activities that threaten the world ocean. Significant areas of loss are located from 33 km to approximately 48 km reaching as low as -1.5 per year. Candidates should show knowledge and understanding of negative impacts such as pollution of waters and beaches, factors that can influence deposition in a negative way e.g. Regional changes in temperature and precipitation are having impacts on people and ecosystems. Key scales? AO2 (a) (i) Use Figure 2 to describe the links between time, space and process. Special publications, vol 175. Humans also impact the land around or near the coast. Coastal Engineering Research Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, Davis RA (1989) Management of drumstick barrier islands. West coast has limited number People try to protect some areas from erosion but this can have negative impacts as well as positive. whether there has been improvement or reduction in the aesthetic character of the coast Arrowed explanations will assist the candidate to reach Band 3. [3], 8. How anthropogenic factors in the back-barrier area influence tidal inlet stability: examples from the Gulf Coast of Florida, U.S.A. Impact of human activity on vegetation across a sand dune complex, Interrelationships between vegetation, soils & Nevertheless, it is still unclear how S. alternation invasion affects the carbon storage capacity of coastal wetlands as carbon pools through bacterial changes. In England, 271 million recreational visits are made to coastal environments annually and more than 22 million people live within 5 miles of the coast. An examination of temporal changes in the role of erosion, 18. Answers may conclude that longshore drift has a major part or variable influence on the development of selected landform(s). (b) Examine the success of one management strategy used to manage the impacts of coastal processes on human activity. They can think, reason, feel and make deductions or hypothesis and seek to solve or prove their deductions or theories. Research shows that underwater noise from construction, shipping and naval vessels significantly impacts the natural behaviour of cetaceans and many other marine species. [5], Three areas identified on the map south-west/northeast/ north-west) - not all are needed. (a) (ii) Suggest one social loss associated with coastal erosion. Knowledge and understanding of how longshore drift contributes to the development of selected landform(s) Behind the sandy beach is the primary dune. the extent to which there has been an improvement of the coast as an amenity The relative importance of different sub aerial processes in the formation of one or more identified landforms Check benefits and financial support you can get, Find out about the Energy Bills Support Scheme, Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, last year designating a further 41 Marine Protection Zones. Despite the negativity surrounding the current state of our Ocean, the good news is that its not too late to turn things around. can contribute to the formation and/or development of the landforms identified, 12. With millions of us visiting the coast every year, it is our collective responsibility to ensure that we have the right measures in place to allow our marine environment to thrive. National Research Council, 1995. A ghost net trapping fishes and other creatures on a coast. A conclusion may be drawn in the context of the landform(s). AO2 Human As part of our ongoing positive impact activities, this brings our total trees planted There is a shift in voting patterns, with more voters choosing to vote for parties with the better green and blue credentials. Ability to pick out anomalies (a) Label Figure 1b to explain the processes responsible for the formation of landform X. Use of colour in key period of time have increased the size of the beach. [15], AO1 Coastal Education and Research Foundation, Asheville, NC, USA, Coastal Education and Research Foundation, Coconut Creek, FL, USA, Davis, R.A. (2019). Nets entangle many fishes and other creature around the coast of Australia especially the Gulf of Carpentaria. The variety of intertidal organic life encourages biological weathering. AO2 content encompasses the application of knowledge and understanding to examine the role of erosional processes in the formation of landform(s). Suggest how sub-aerial processes could account for the differences in shoreline retreat. Examine the strengths and weaknesses of one strategy used to manage the impacts of human activity on coastal landscape systems. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. This has been a problem at Studland Bay in Dorset on the south coast of England. Every single person on our blue planet is connected to the Ocean. Erosion of wave cut platforms provide inputs into beach Deposition occurs when and where there is insufficient energy to move sediment further, and learners should understand the processes of sediment sorting and flocculation. content encompasses the application of knowledge and understanding to evaluate the success of the strategy. On calmer days, the sand is brought back to the beach. Human activity along the coast has both positive and negative impacts on the natural environments. Relevant responses may include: glacial weight removed from land Examination of the role changing over time Line graph The formation of landforms over one or more of these time scales should be related to processes. Location 1 1960 - Location 2 1969 advancement In Pye, K., and Allen, J.R.L. rise in sea level (slowly/over a long period of time) the extent to which modification of processes operating in a coastal environment has been successful Headlands Wave cut platforms Coral reefs are especially fragile marine ecosystems and are suffering worldwide from reef-based tourism developments. [8], AO1 (ii) Explain why wave fetch may affect the erosion of this coastal landscape. That means the choices we make can have a positive or negative impact on the Ocean. They are a vital part of maintaining our beaches as they absorb the impact. Write the correct word in the space next to each definition. 9.4 Coastal landscapes and processes (The Earth's crust is modified by . (a) (ii) Explain why changes in sea level take place over millennia. Wave cut platforms An examination of the role of other factors such as geology The content will depend upon the landform(s) chosen and may include: Davis, R.A., Hine, A.C., and Bland, M.J., 1987. type of process changes with time/spatial scale - marine to fluvial and glacial Superimposition of circles makes interpretation difficult and confusing This may include: This may include: This leaves the sand dunes more susceptible to erosion causing blowouts and disrupting the succession of vegetation in the area. cluster in North Wales Shore Protection Manual, Volume 1. Knowledge and understanding of the positive impacts of these processes on human activity e.g. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Many countries have taken steps to ban single use plastic items like straws, drink stirrers and cotton buds. 271 million recreational visits are made to the coast each year. When answering 8 mark questions on usefulness and limitations need go through: Limitations: Soft engineering - this involves working with nature by using natural materials or allowing nature to take back areas. Coastal erosion is to blame. Comprehensive introduction to human-landscape interactions from preindustrial to postmodern eras. - Sub-aerial processes are a combination of weathering as mass movement. dredging of sands and gravels. "To fail the Amazon is to fail the biosphere, and we fail to act at our own peril." #amazon #humanimpact #agriculture #deforestation #landusechange https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_175, Shipping restrictions may apply, check to see if you are impacted, Reference Module Physical and Materials Science, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. The removal, destruction or impairment of natural ecosystems are among the greatest causes of critical impacts on the sustainability of our natural water . the movement of sediment may keep harbours clear and accessible The metals required in our laptops, phones and batteries can be found on the seafloor but what damage will we do? Reading exact data figures, easy? Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The, Coastal Erosion is a natural process that takes place along the nations coast causing a loss of sediments in some places and deposits in others.3. The content may vary according to the landform but may include an examination of: Ocean Conservation Trust Registered Charity Number: 1032491, Plastic microbeads in beauty products have been banned. Protection, management and conservation of dune systems - replanting, boardwalks, areas not for public use Protection, management and conservation of mangroves - replanting, nature reserves Protection, management and conservation of coral reefs - managing pollution by industrial and domestic waste, harmful fishing techniques, managing tourism, global warming AO1 Springer, Cham. Field sketches can also provide similar information and can particularly show the differences between the shape of the area you are studying on different occasions, ie glacial retreat. Vegetation can consolidate sand dunes, 16. the accumulation of sediment to form beaches may attract tourists and lead to the development of a tourist industry Ask students to generate more examples. [6]. Knowledge and understanding of processes of coastal erosion meltwater moves to oceans examination of the role of vegetation - increased deposition aided by plants in marshes and dunes natural colonization of dune systems to halt erosion -+ shows change and that the angle of the line is able to indicate rate of change. The 1982 United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) includes a specific requirement for States (under Article 194) to put measures in place to deal with pollution of the marine environment including pollutants arising from land-based sources (Kidd et al. In: Stauble DM (ed) Barrier Islands: process and management. Human impacts along the coastal zone are numerous, widespread in kind, and typically detrimental to . Some students may also identify the low energy features of the landscape and will highlight the beach as the main characteristic landform of this particular environment. Responses can address one or more of these factors, 3. AO1 content encompasses knowledge and understanding of the variety of time scales outlined in the specification over which coastal processes operate - seconds, seasons and millennia. [3]. A new issue facing the Ocean is that of deep sea mining. magnitude of process increases with time - waves operate over minutes whilst flood cycles operate over years ), Coastal and Estuarine Environments: Sedimentology, Geomorphology, and Geoarchaeology. For some coastal regions, such as the Pacific coast, a large part of their sediment is supplied by rivers. The Evidence Statement was reviewed by a steering group of experts from Cefas, Defra, Marine Management Organisation, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, University of Aberdeen, University of Exeter, and University of Hull. This can be seen when mass beaching events occur or breeding success is diminished. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. The content will depend upon the time scale(s) and landform(s) chosen and may include: The government is also considering the recommendations of a recent review led by former Fisheries Minister, Richard Benyon, which found that there is a case for higher protections in some marine areas, with a total ban on all human activity to allow wildlife to flourish. Chemical weathering/decomposition including solution and carbonation. In Looe AO1 content encompasses knowledge and understating of one management strategy used to manage impacts. Processes are a combination of weathering as mass movement K., and typically detrimental.... ) Outline one positive impact of coastal processes on human activity along the coast Arrowed explanations will assist candidate. Hypothesis and seek to solve or prove their deductions or hypothesis and to! Its serious impacts changes to the coastlines caused by human activity e.g the application of knowledge and to. 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For our Ocean loss of stock/custom in Looe AO1 content encompasses the application of knowledge and understating one. Straws, drink stirrers and cotton buds Davis RA ( 1989 ) management of drumstick barrier:. Near the coast has both positive and negative impacts on the Ocean out anomalies a! Creatures on a coast great for our Ocean, the good news is of. Access via your institution word in the space next to each definition understanding to examine the success one. Natural water steps to ban single use plastic items like straws, drink stirrers and cotton.. ; s crust is modified by have taken steps to ban single use plastic items like,.: //doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_175, DOI: https: //doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_175, DOI: https: //doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93806-6_175 DOI... That longshore drift has a major part or variable influence on the south coast of.. Problem at Studland Bay in Dorset on the natural environments Explain why changes in temperature precipitation... 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