An analysis of physicians' diagnostic reasoning regarding pediatric abusive head trauma. Disability and visual outcomes following suspected abusive head trauma in children under 2 years. Moskwa, R., Todeschi, J., Wiedemann-Fode, A., et al. September 2021. November 2022. Debunking Fringe Beliefs in Child Abuse Imaging: AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review. Validation of a Prediction Tool for Abusive Head Trauma. Amagasa S, Matsui H, Tsuji S, Moriya T, Kinoshita K. Am J Emerg Med. SBS occurs when a baby is shaken repeatedly, often by a frustrated caretaker in . Child Abuse Review. April 2022. Brown, E., Crumm, C., Crichton, K.G., et al. A Systematic Review. Identifying abusive head trauma and its mimics: diagnostic nuances. Sirmai N, Garside L, & Tzioumi D. Child Abuse Review. January 2017. Catching the red eye: A retrospective review of factors associated with retinal hemorrhage in child physical abuse. April 2018. A review on clotting disorders and retinal hemorrhages: Can they mimic abuse? Ocular Manifestations of Child Abuse. Weiss, R., He, C.H., Parsikia, A., et al. Rapid MRI evaluation of acute intracranial hemorrhage in pediatric head trauma. When soothing succeeds: Simulating a risk for repeated shaking in abusive head trauma in infants. October 2021. AlOmran, H.I., AlKharaan, Z.I., AlDawsari, K.M., et al. Neurosurgical aspects of abusive head trauma management in children: a review for the training neurosurgeon. The report reveals that of the 3,145,000 million children who were the subject of a child welfare agency response in fiscal year 2020, 618,000 children were determined to be victims of maltreatment, compared to 656,000 victims in 2019. September 2015. Paediatric chronic subdural hematoma: what are the predisposing factors and outcomes in management of these cases? Cain CM, Mandell DJ, Thompson RR, et al. Karmazyn, B., Marine, M.B., Wanner, M.R., et al. Subcortical Lacerations, a Significant Sign of Shaken Baby Syndrome - Diagnosis with High-Resolution Duplex Sonography. But the Court of Criminal Appeals stopped his death, sending the case back to the trial court for further review after the scientific consensus on shaken baby syndrome shifted. May 2022. Child Abuse & Neglect. February 2022. Horton, D., Burrell, T., Moffatt, M.E., et al. Mankad K, Chhabda S, Lim W, et al. Chest CT in the evaluation of child abuse When is it useful? Some children develop cerebral palsy or some continue to live in a persistent vegetative state. World Neurosurgery. A review on clotting disorders and retinal hemorrhages: Can they mimic abuse? Leading Cause of Child Abuse Deaths in U.S. 1,300 Cases per Year in U.S. 25% Die. The natural history of retinal hemorrhage in pediatric head trauma. An In-Depth Analysis of Brain and Spine Neuroimaging in Children with Abusive Head Trauma: Beyond the Classic Imaging Findings. Paraja, J.M., Li, X., Gandham, N., et al. September 2021. An In-Depth Analysis of Brain and Spine Neuroimaging in Children with Abusive Head Trauma: Beyond the Classic Imaging Findings. Lyne, N., & Eriksson, A. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Infants with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Associations with Abusive Head Trauma. July 2022. Pediatric Radiology 2017. Bhati, A., Mirsky, D.M., Mankad, K., et al. Long-term visual outcomes following abusive head trauma with retinal hemorrrhage. Strouse PJ. April 2020. Income inequality and child maltreatment rates in US counties, 20092018. June 2021. Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology. Journal of Surgical Research. Costine-Bartell, B., Price, G., Shen, J., et al. January 2023. Pediatric Radiology. Imaging and reporting considerations for suspected physical abuse (non-accidental injury) in infants and young children. Additionally, according to the American Academy of Neurology, babies have weak neck muscles and large, heavy heads and shaking makes their fragile brain bounce back and forth inside the skull. Pediatric Emergency Care. It can lead to brain damage and death. Saunders D, Raissaki M, Servaes S, et al. Paediatric Neuroradiology. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma. Patterns of Osteopontin Expression in Abusive Head Trauma Compared with Other Cases of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. The monthly incidence of abusive head trauma, inflicted skeletal trauma, and unexplained skin lesion in children in six French university hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. July 2018. June 2019. Sept 2016. Abusive head injuries in infants: from founders to denialism and beyond. Robert Roberson was sentenced to death for killing his 2-year-old daughter. Change in Incidence and Severity of Abusive Head Trauma in the Paediatric Age Group Pre- and During COVID-19 Lockdown in the North East of England. Forensic Science Med Pathology: 2009, Joelle Moreno and Brian Holmgren. Abusive head trauma in India: imaging raises the curtain. Sandeep Narang, et al. September 2022. Bechtel K, Derbyshire M, Gaither JR, Leventhal JM. This is due to the rapid and repeated acceleration and deceleration of the victims head whipping back and forth and side to side. Long-term Impact of Abusive Head Trauma in Young Children: Outcomes at 5 and 11 Years Old. Pierce, M.C., Kaczor, K., Lorenz, D.J., et al. Nikam, R.M., Kandula V.V., Yue. January 2020. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. The diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography in the detection of rib fractures in children investigated for suspected physical abuse: a systematic review and meta-analysis. June 2017. Hymel, K.P., Karst, W., Marinello, M., et al. June 2018. Infant death data come from a subset of death data for Texas residents under 1 year of age who died in Texas and out-of-state. Abusive Head Trauma in Infants During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Paris Metropolitan Area. ICD-10-CM Codes for the Identification of Abusive Head Trauma in Administrative Datasets. Estimating the probability of abusive head trauma after abuse evaluation. Jackson, J.E., Beres, A.L., Theodorou, C.M., et al. Utility of pediatric fast magnetic resonance imaging protocol as surveillance scanning for traumatic brain injury. However, it is important to remember that it is never acceptable to shake, throw or hit a baby. October 2022. Peace, A.E., Caruso, D., Agala, C.B., et al. Cercone, D.J., Berger R.P., Manole, M.D., et al. Shaken Baby Syndrome is a collection of findings, all of which may not be present in any individual child with the condition. Chong CF, Misra SL, Escardo-Paton JA, Dai S. Eye. . Chen, Y., & Feng, J. Injuries like Charlie's are sometimes referred to as "shaken baby syndrome", but the medical term is abusive head trauma (AHT). Child abuse-related homicides precipitated by caregiver use of harsh physical punishment. Globally 2.4 million children died in the first month of life in 2020. Laurent-Vannier A, Adamsbaum C, Raul JS, et al. September 2020 [epub ahead of print]. . Abusive head trauma: experience improves diagnosis. Short term outcomes of children with abusive head trauma two years post injury: A retrospective study. January 2021. Loos, M.L., Bakx, R., Allema, J.H., et al. Effect of Educational Program on Mothers' Perception and Practices Regarding Crying and Shaken Infant Syndrome. Reasonable suspicion in reporting child maltreatment: a survey among German healthcare professionals. Bechtel K, Gaither JR, & Leventhal JM. Wilson, R.F., Fortson, B.L., Zhou, H., et al. Texas has the highest rate of infant deaths in the nation. An evidence-based method for targeting an abusive head trauma prevention media campaign and its evaluation. Wang, Z., Li, W., Cui, N., et al. 25 baby deaths were recorded as homicide. Child Abuse & Neglect. Diyaola, M., Ye, C., Huang, Z., et al. May 2019. A subdural hematoma, or hemorrhage, is usually caused by a head injury strong enough to burst blood vessels. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, or SIDS, is the leading cause of death in babies between the ages of 1 month and 1 year. December 2018. Abusive Head Trauma: Understanding Head Injury Maltreatment. Journal of Pediatrics. July 2022. Shaken Baby Syndrome: A hospital-based educaton and prevention program in the intermediate care and the newborn intensive care nurseries. Accidental and Abusive Mandible Fractures in Infants and Toddlers. June 2022. Ophthalmological lesions in shaken baby syndrome: a retrospective analysis of 133 consecutive cases (1992-2018). August 2018. June 2022. Nonaccidental injury presenting as unilateral Retinal Detachment in two infants. Journal of Pediatric Emergency Care. Pediatric Emergency Care. Abusive Head Trauma and Mortality - An Analysis From an International Comparative Effectiveness Study of Children With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. 2018. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. March 2022. Magnetic resonance imaging of optic nerve and optic sheath hemorrhages in child abuse. Retinal Haemorrhages in Childhood Encephalopathies: Review of a Prospective Research Programme. Nov. 2018. Factors associated with poor neurological outcome in children after abusive head trauma: A multicenter retrospective study. Short-Term Effects of Tax Credits on Rates of Child Maltreatment Reports in the United States. Traumatic head injury due to child maltreatment: epidemiology, cost analysis, and impact of prevention. Child Abuse Review. Ferguson, N.M., Rebsamen, S., Field A.S., et al. Determining the Tractional Forces on Vitreoretinal Interface Using Computer Simulation Model in Abusive Head Trauma. Kank A, nce OT, Yeilolu , Eliak K, Bakiler AR. December 2022. Journal of Child and Family Studies. Milner, J.D., Hartnett, D.A., DeFroda, S.F., et al. Utility of three-dimensional and reformatted head computed tomography images in the evaluation of pediatric abusive head trauma. June 2021. March 2022. December 2015. Trends in shaken baby syndrome diagnosis codes among young children hospitalized for abuse. July 2018. Initial response of the European Society of Paediatric Radiology and Society for Pediatric Radiology to the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services' document on the triad of shaken baby syndrome. July 2018. Relevance of Abusive Head Trauma to Intracranial Hemorrhagesand Bleeding Disorders. Fore, H.H. Babl FE, Pfeiffer H, Kelly P, et al. Orman, G., Kralik, S.F., Desai, N.K. 2021 Health Disparities Report. Incidence and Risk Factors for Abusive Head Trauma A Population-Based Study. Infant death data are tabulated to the . 19. . Child Abuse & Neglect. The "New Science" of Abusive Head Trauma. August 2021. Cureus. Accidental and Abusive Mandible Fractures in Infants and Toddlers. Increased severity of abusive head trauma during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. January 2017 [Epub ahead of print]. Head computed tomography in suspected physical abuse: time to rethink? October 2020. Hymel, K.P., Fingarson, A.K., Pierce, M.C., et al. A Multispecialty Approach to the Identification and Diagnosis of Nonaccidental Trauma in Children. Child Abuse & Neglect. The classic metaphyseal lesion and traumatic injury. September 2021. Oh A, Olson LD, & Chern JJ. Boruah, A.P., Potter, T.O., Shammassian, B.H., et al. Violent Infant Surrogate Shaking: Continuous High-Magnitude Centripetal Force and Abrupt Shift in Tangential Acceleration May Explain High Risk of Subdural Hemorrhage. Bhardwaj G, Jacobs MB, Martin FJ, et al. 2022 Annual Report. June 2020. Prevalence of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis in abusive head trauma. Child Abuse & Neglect. Cerebellar lesions in pediatric abusive head trauma. The Relationship Between Temperature and Temporal Patterns and Incidence of Abusive Head Trauma in a Midwest Region Hospital. Neonatal shaking brain injury changes psychological stress-induced neuronal activity in adult male rats. Effect of a Protocol to Reduce Radiographic Imaging in Pediatric Patients With Suspected Fractures. Kriss, S., Morris, J., & Martich, V. American Journal of Roentgenology. The neuroimaging mimics of abusive head trauma. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. November 2019. February 2016. Terry McKirchy, 59, who now lives in Texas, was arrested again on July 2 after a grand jury in Broward County, Fla., indicted her on a first-degree murder charge in the death of Benjamin Dowling . Early Recognition of Physical Abuse: Bridging the Gap between Knowledge and Practice. May 2020. This move brings the team in alignment with the emerging conception of child fatality review . Child's Nervous System. What is shaken baby syndrome? Schlacter, J.A., Roussos, D., & Masrouha, K.Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. August 2020 [epub ahead of print]. Estimating the probability of abusive head trauma after abuse evaluation. Journal of Pediatrics. When a child is violently shaken, the eyeball and its contents move back and forth in many different directions within the eye socket. November 2022. Nuo M, Shelley CD, Ugiliweneza B, et al. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Retinal hemorrhages, especially those at the ora serrata and those involving many layers of the retina are frequently seen in SBS/AHT victims and are uncommon in other types of head injury. Chen M, Barr RG, Miller E, et al. Child Abuse & Neglect. [Epub ahead of print], Abusive head trauma: an epidemiological and cost analysis. Reasonable suspicion in reporting child maltreatment: a survey among German healthcare professionals. Yamaoka, Y., Obikane, E., Isumi, A., et al. Afifi K, Bellanger G, Buyck PJ, et al. Raza H.F., Archambault, E., Pepin, K., Lord, A., et al. June 2016. April 2021. Forensic Imaging. Child Abuse & Neglect. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. Global Pediatric Health. Hansen JB, Frazier T, Moffat M, et al. July 2022. The list cites the articles title, author(s), title of the periodical or book, publication date and a link to the abstract or full article (if available). Annals of Emergency Medicine. Raynor E, Konala R, and Freemont A.Forensic and Legal Medicine. Thau, A., Saffren, B., Anderst, J.D., et al. December 2021. Although shaking an infant has the potential to cause neurologic injury, blunt impact or a combination of shaking and blunt impact cause injury as well. Overview. Child Abuse & Neglect. Traumatic head injury due to child maltreatment: epidemiology, cost analysis, and impact of prevention. Porto, L., Bartles, M., Zwaschka, J., et al. Neonatal Abusive Head Trauma without External Injuries: Suspicion Improves Diagnosis. December 2021. June 2021. Emergency Radiology. April 2019. Violence against children in the time of COVID-19: What we have learned, what remains unknown and the opportunities that lie ahead. Most skull fractures can be best shown with an X-ray. 3. Thousands of people in the U.S. have been convicted of shaking a baby to death since the 1970s. So, what should you be aware of, what should you watch for? Child Abuse & Neglect. Cheon, J.E., & Kim, J.H. [Epub ahead of print]. Unexplained mechanism of subdural hematoma with convulsion suggests nonaccidental head trauma: A multicenter, retrospective study by the Japanese Head injury of Infants and Toddlers study (J-HITs) group. Journal of Family Violence. An unusual blunt force trauma pattern and mechanism to the cranial vault: Investigation of an atypical infant homicide. The monthly incidence of abusive head trauma, inflicted skeletal trauma, and unexplained skin lesion in children in six French university hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Parental awareness, knowledge, and attitude about shaken baby syndrome in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. Predisposing factors in Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma (SBS/AHT)? You must obtain at least 30 clock hours of training each year relevant to the age of the children for whom you provide care. December 2017 [epub ahead of print]. the baby will be considered a possible victim of shaken baby syndrome, a form of child abuse that involves the violent shaking of an infantAccording to Dr Kieran Moran, forensic paediatrician at Sydney Childrens Hospital, babies are victims of violent shaking mainly in their first year of life, as that is often when they cry inconsolably and when parents and carers become most frustrated. November 2021. June 2019. Assessing service quality and access in trauma centers through behavioral health screening, education, and treatment after pediatric injury. European Journal of Pediatrics. Characteristics of rib fractures in young abused children. Diagnostic Tools in the Detection of Physical Child Abuse: A Systematic Review. September 2020. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. The legal challenges to the diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome or how to counter 12 common fake news. Neurochirurgie. Abusive head trauma in small children a single-centre experience in Finland. Paediatric chronic subdural hematoma: what are the predisposing factors and outcomes in management of these cases? Loos, ML., H., Bakx, R., Duijst, W., et al. Wright, J., Painter, S., Kodagali, S.S. Archives of Disease in Childhood. April 2021. Houston Journal of Health Law and Policy: 2011. Amyloid Precursor Protein in Abusive Head Trauma Suspects. Syndrome, and Abusive Head Trauma Texas A&M Extension Online Available at Ruest S, Kanaan G, Moore J, & Goldberg AP. Brown, V.W., & Bryant, T.J. Handbook of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse Across the Lifespan. April 2022. Luyet FM, Wipperfurth J, Palm A, Knox BL. Parental knowledge on infant crying and abusive head trauma and relevant shaking behaviors in China. July 2021. June 2021. Inj Prev. A Biomechanical Assessment of Shaken Baby Syndrome: What About the Spine? MeSH terms Child Child Abuse* . Attention on Prevention podcast brings in guests to talk about the prevention of child and infant maltreatment as well as delve into other parenting issues. Trends in Homicide Rates for US Children Aged 0 to 17 Years, 1999 to 2020. Luyet FM, Feldman KW, Knox BL. The retina is a light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that covers about 65 percent of its interior surface. Development of a finite-element eye model to investigate retinal hemorrhages in shaken baby syndrome. 2020. October 2017. Stoltz HE, Brandon DJ, Wallace HS, Tucker EA. Radiographics. April 2018. Hassan N, Butler C, DeCou J, et al. Abusive head trauma: an epidemiological and cost analysis. Journal of Neurosurgery. Subcortical Lacerations, a Significant Sign of Shaken Baby Syndrome - Diagnosis with High-Resolution Duplex Sonography. The Journal of Pediatrics. Nonaccidental Trauma is an Independent Risk Factor for Mortality Among Injured Infants. Clinical Characteristics and Nonconvulsive Seizures in Young Children with Abusive Head Trauma. Toma M, Dehesa-Baeza A, Chan-Akaley R, et al. Neuroimaging differential diagnoses to abusive head trauma. July 2021. Pediatric Emergency Care. Cowley, L.E., & Adesman, A. Cartocci, G., Fineschi, V., Padovano, M., et al. Consensus statement on abusive head trauma in infants and young children. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. This is the most comprehensive and complete consensus statement published to date. This includes death from shaken baby syndrome. Cerebrospinal fluid interaction with cerebral cortext during pediatric abusive head trauma. Henry MK, Lindberg DM, & Wood J. June 2018. Child's Nervous System. A suspected case of shaken baby syndromeclinical management in Germany: a case-based overview. Orru' E, Huisman TAGM, and Izbudak I. Peng, J., Lu, H., Zhang, J., et al. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. Pediatrics. Throwing the baby out with the bath water - response to the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU) report on traumatic shaking. July 2016, Sabah Servaes, et al. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology. A review of current imaging techniques used for the detection of occult bony fractures in young children suspected of sustaining non-accidental injury. November 2022. Clinical Radiology. Martin, E., Kraft, J., Wilder, R., et al. Menna, G., Tamburrini, G., & Bianchi, F. Child's Nervous System. Oestreich AE. 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